536 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
536 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
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# FUSB 驱动程序
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## 1. 概述
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USB是通用串行总线（Universal Serial Bus）的缩写, USB是一种简易、双向、快速、同步、即插即用（Plug and Play，PnP）且支持热插拔功能的串行接口。USB设备现在已经非常普及，如U盘、鼠标、键盘等。USB协议曾经出现过多种版本，如USB1.0、USB1.1、USB2.0、USB3.0等
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USB总线体系中, USB主机（Host）是系统的主人, 负责USB通信过程中数据的控制和处理, USB设备（Device）是系统的从机，用于实现特定的功能，如常用的U盘、移动硬盘、鼠标、键盘、游戏手柄等，在USB传输过程中，USB主机处于主导地位，由USB主机发起数据和命令的传输，USB设备被动响应USB主机发来的请求命令，USB总线中的主要角色包括USB主机、根Hub、USB Hub和USB设备等
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USB主机和USB设备间的通信是通过管道（Pipe）进行的，管道是指在USB主机端的一组缓冲区，用于管道中数据的收发；在USB设备端，有一个特定端点（Endpoint，ENDP）与管道对接
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USB可靠传输（具有反馈机制）的最小单位是事务，事务就是利用令牌包、数据包和握手包实现一个带有错误反馈机制的通信，使USB传输更加安全可靠，按照令牌包的类型可以分为，Setup事务、IN事务、OUT事务等。基于事务，USB协议定义了传输（Transfer）用于完成一组具有特定目的的事务，包括控制传输、中断传输、批量传输和同步传输
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## 2. 功能
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- 驱动相关的源文件如下，
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- drivers/usb
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```
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.
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├── Kconfig
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├── fusb.c
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├── fusb.h
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├── fusb_debug.c
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├── fusb_def.h
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├── fusb_dev.c
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├── fusb_g.c
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├── fusb_generic_hub.c
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├── fusb_generic_hub.h
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├── fusb_hid.c
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├── fusb_hid.h
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├── fusb_hub.c
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├── fusb_hub.h
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├── fusb_msc.c
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├── fusb_msc.h
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├── fusb_private.h
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├── fusb_sinit.c
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```
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- 关于 [XHCI](./fxhci.md)
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## 3. 配置方法
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参考以下步骤完成 FUSB 硬件配置，
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- 1. FUSB驱动支持 E2000，在 E2000 上完成测试
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参考以下步骤完成 FUSB 软件配置，
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- 1. 选择USB控制器类型为 XHCI
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- 2. 配置 FUSB 的内存池空间，推荐在1Mb以上
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- 3. 注册USB设备驱动
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- 4. 调用USB控制器驱动接口启动FUSB实例
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- 5. 调用USB控制器驱动接口轮询FUSB，更新USB设备状态
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- 6. 调用USB设备驱动操作USB设备
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## 4 应用示例
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- USB主机操作和USB设备发现
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### [fxhci_host](../../../baremetal/example/peripheral/usb/fxhci_host)
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- USB大容量存储器读写
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### [fusb_fatfs](../../../baremetal/example/storage/fusb_fatfs)
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## 5. API参考
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### 5.1. 用户数据结构
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#### 5.1.1 USB端点
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```c
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typedef struct
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{
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FUsbDev *dev; /* device instance of this endpoint */
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int endpoint; /* endpoint address ep0 = 0, epn = n */
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FUsbDirection direction; /* type or direction of ep */
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int toggle; /* ep state for some device to toggle */
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int maxpacketsize; /* max packet size for ep transfer */
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FUsbEpType type; /* transfer type of ep, control, bulk or so on */
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int interval; /* expressed as binary logarithm of the number
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of microframes (i.e. t = 125us * 2^interval) */
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} FUsbEndpoint; /* encapsulates a single endpoint of an USB device */
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```
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#### 5.1.2 USB设备
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```c
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typedef struct _FUsbDev
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{
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FUsbHc *controller; /* Hc instance where device attached */
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FUsbEndpoint endpoints[FUSB_MAX_EP_NUM]; /* all Ep instance of device */
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int num_endp; /* num of Ep in use */
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FUsbDevAddr address; /* USB address */
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FUsbDevClass class; /* USB device class, e.g hid */
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int hub; /* hub where device is attached to */
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int port; /* port where device is attached */
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FUsbSpeed speed; /* speed type of device */
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void *data; /* private data for specific type of device */
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FUsbDeviceDescriptor *descriptor; /* device descriptor ever get from device hw */
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FUsbConfigurationDescriptor *configuration; /* configure descriptor followed with interface descriptor ever get from device hw */
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FUsbConfigParser config_parser; /* parser for configure descriptor */
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FUsbStringParser string_parser; /* parser for string descriptor */
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void (*init)(FUsbDev *dev); /* device init function of specific device type for register */
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void (*destroy) (FUsbDev *dev); /* device deinit function of specific device type for register */
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void (*poll) (FUsbDev *dev); /* device poll function of specific device type for register */
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} FUsbDev; /* encapsulates a single USB device */
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```
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#### 5.1.3 USB主机
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```c
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typedef struct _FUsbHc
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{
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FUsbHc *next; /* next Hc instance in the list */
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uintptr reg_base; /* base address of Hc register */
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FUsb *usb; /* instance of USB system */
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FUsbHcType type; /* type of Hc, e.g XHCI */
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FUsbDev *devices[FUSB_MAX_DEV_NUM]; /* dev 0 is root hub, 127 is last addressable */
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/* start(): Resume operation. */
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void (*start) (FUsbHc *controller);
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/* stop(): Stop operation but keep controller initialized. */
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void (*stop) (FUsbHc *controller);
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/* reset(): Perform a controller reset. The controller needs to
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be (re)initialized afterwards to work (again). */
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void (*reset) (FUsbHc *controller);
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/* init(): Initialize a (previously reset) controller
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to a working state. */
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void (*init) (FUsbHc *controller);
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/* shutdown(): Stop operation, detach host controller and shutdown
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this driver instance. After calling shutdown() any
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other usage of this hci_t* is invalid. */
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void (*shutdown) (FUsbHc *controller);
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FUsbTransCode (*bulk) (FUsbEndpoint *ep, int size, u8 *data, int finalize);
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FUsbTransCode (*control) (FUsbDev *dev, FUsbDirection pid, int dr_length,
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void *devreq, int data_length, u8 *data);
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void* (*create_intr_queue) (FUsbEndpoint *ep, int reqsize, int reqcount, int reqtiming);
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void (*destroy_intr_queue) (FUsbEndpoint *ep, void *queue);
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u8* (*poll_intr_queue) (void *queue);
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void *instance; /* instance to specific Hc implementation, e.g XHCI */
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/* set_address(): Tell the USB device its address (xHCI
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controllers want to do this by
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themselves). Also, allocate the FUsbDev
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structure, initialize enpoint 0
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(including MPS) and return it. */
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FUsbDev *(*set_address) (FUsbHc *controller, FUsbSpeed speed,
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int hubport, int hubaddr);
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/* finish_device_config(): Another hook for xHCI, returns 0 on success. */
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int (*finish_device_config) (FUsbDev *dev);
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/* destroy_device(): Finally, destroy all structures that
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were allocated during set_address()
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and finish_device_config(). */
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void (*destroy_device) (FUsbHc *controller, int devaddr);
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} FUsbHc; /* encapsulates a single USB host */
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```
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#### 5.1.4 USB系统配置
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```c
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typedef struct
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{
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void *(*malloc_align)(size_t size, size_t align);
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void (*free)(void *mem);
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} FUsbMemAllocator; /* memory allocator used in USB system */
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typedef struct
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{
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u32 instance_id; /* id for this USB system */
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uintptr base_addr; /* base addr of Hc register, set as 0 for pci-usb */
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u32 irq_num;
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u32 irq_priority;
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FUsbMemAllocator allocator; /* memory allocator to support dynamic memory */
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} FUsbConfig; /* configure data of the USB system */
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```
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#### 5.1.4 USB系统
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```c
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typedef struct _FUsb
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{
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FUsbConfig config; /* configuration of USB system */
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void *pcie_instance; /* NULL if unused */
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void *pcie_info[FUSB_MAX_CTRL_NUM]; /* NULL if unused */
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FUsbHc *hc; /* first hc, there might have multiple hc in pcie-mode */
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/* hook to set init function for specific device type */
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FUsbDevInitFunc dev_init[FUSB_MAX_DEV_TYPE_NUM];
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u32 dev_init_num; /* number of init function in used */
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u32 is_ready; /* indicator of system okay */
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} FUsb; /* instance of the USB system */
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```
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### 5.2 错误码定义
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- 模块错误码编号 `0x1110000`
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- [0x0] FUSB_SUCCESS : success
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- [0x1110000] FUSB_ERR_WAIT_TIMEOUT : wait for status timeout
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- [0x1110001] FUSB_ERR_INVALID_PARA : invalid input parameters
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- [0x1110002] FUSB_ERR_NOT_SUPPORT : parameters or feature not supported
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- [0x1110003] FUSB_ERR_NON_INSTANCE : cannot find instance
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- [0x1110004] FUSB_ERR_INVALID_DATA : invalid input data
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- [0x1110005] FUSB_ERR_DESC_PARSE_ERR : failed to parse descriptor
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- [0x1110006] FUSB_ERR_ALLOCATE_FAIL : failed to allocate memory from memory pool
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- [0x1110007] FUSB_ERR_TRANS_FAIL : failed to transfer data
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- 传输过程完成错误码
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- [0] FUSB_CC_ZERO_BYTES : failed, transfer zero bytes
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- [1] FUSB_CC_SUCCESS : transfer success with bytes unkonwn
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### 5.3. 用户API接口
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#### FUsbLookupConfig
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```c
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const FUsbConfig *FUsbLookupConfig(u32 instance_id)
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```
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Note:
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- 获取USB的默认配置
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Input:
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- {u32} instance_id USB实例号
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Return:
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- {const FUsbConfig *} USB默认配置
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#### FUsbCfgInitialize
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```c
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FError FUsbCfgInitialize(FUsb *instance, const FUsbConfig *input_config)
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```
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Note:
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- 初始化USB实例
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- 在PCIE模式下，USB Hc实例在PCIE总线发现控制器后创建
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Input:
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- {FUsb} *instance, USB实例
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- {const FUsbConfig} *input_config, USB输入配置
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Return:
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- {FError} 初始化错误码
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#### FUsbDeInitialize
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```c
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void FUsbDeInitialize(FUsb *instance);
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```
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Note:
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- 去初始化USB实例
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Input:
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- {FUsb} *instance, USB实例
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Return:
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- 无
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#### FUsbPoll
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```c
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void FUsbPoll(FUsb *instance)
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```
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Note:
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- 轮询USB控制器连接的所有设备, 更新设备拓扑
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Input:
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- {FUsb} *instance, USB实例
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Return:
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- 无
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#### FUsbExit
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```c
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void FUsbExit(FUsb *instance)
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```
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Note:
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- 关闭所有的USB控制器，移除所有连接的设备
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Input:
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- {FUsb} *instance, USB实例
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Return:
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- 无
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#### FUsbAssignDevInitFunc
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```c
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FError FUsbAssignDevInitFunc(FUsb *instance, const FUsbDevIndex *index, FUsbDevInitHandler handler)
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```
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Note:
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- 指定特定USB设备的初始化函数，供创建USB设备实例时使用
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Input:
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- {FUsb} *instance, USB实例
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- {FUsbDevIndex} *index, 特定USB设备的索引
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- {FUsbDevInitHandler} handler, 特定USB设备的初始化函数
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Return:
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- {FError} 处理返回错误码
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#### FUsbGetAllDevEntries
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```c
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|
|
size_t FUsbGetAllDevEntries(FUsbHc *controller, FUsbDev *devs[], size_t max_dev_num)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 获取USB控制器上连接的所有USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbHc} *controller, USB控制器实例
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *devs, 放置USB设备实例的缓冲区
|
|||
|
|
- {size_t} max_dev_num, 最多可以获取的USB设备实例数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {size_t} 实际获取的USB设备实例数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbSetFeature
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbTransCode FUsbSetFeature(FUsbDev *dev, int endp, int feature, int rtype)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 标准USB主机请求，使能设备/接口/端点的某个特性
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} endp, 设备号(0x00)/接口号/端点号
|
|||
|
|
- {int} feature, 待使能的特性
|
|||
|
|
- {int} rtype, 请求类型，由FUsbGenerateReqType生成
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbTransCode} 控制传输的返回值，小于0表示失败，大于0表示成功传输的字节数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbGetStatus
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbTransCode FUsbGetStatus(FUsbDev *dev, int intf, int rtype, int len, void *data)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 标准USB主机请求，获取设备/接口/端点的状态
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} intf，设备号(0x00)/接口号/端点号
|
|||
|
|
- {int} rtype, 请求类型，由FUsbGenerateReqType生成
|
|||
|
|
- {int} len, Data Stage的数据长度
|
|||
|
|
- {void} *data, Data Stage的数据缓冲区
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbTransCode} 控制传输的返回值，小于0表示失败，大于0表示成功传输的字节数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbGetDescriptor
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbTransCode FUsbGetDescriptor(FUsbDev *dev, int rtype, FUsbDescriptorType desc_type, int desc_idx, void *data, size_t len)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 标准USB主机请求，获取指定描述符
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} rtype, 请求类型，由FUsbGenerateReqType生成
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDescriptorType} desc_type, 描述符类型
|
|||
|
|
- {int} desc_idx, 描述符索引
|
|||
|
|
- {void} *data, Data Stage的数据缓冲区
|
|||
|
|
- {size_t} len, Data Stage的数据长度
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbTransCode} 控制传输的返回值，小于0表示失败，大于0表示成功传输的字节数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbGetStringDescriptor
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbTransCode FUsbGetStringDescriptor(FUsbDev *dev, int rtype, FUsbDescriptorType desc_type, int desc_idx, int lang_id, void *data, size_t len)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- USB主机请求，获取字符串描述符
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} rtype, 请求类型，由FUsbGenerateReqType生成
|
|||
|
|
- {int} desc_type, 描述符类型
|
|||
|
|
- {int} desc_idx, 描述符索引
|
|||
|
|
- {int} lang_id, 语言类型
|
|||
|
|
- {void} *data, Data Stage的数据缓冲区
|
|||
|
|
- {size_t} len, Data Stage的数据长度
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {int} 控制传输的返回值，小于0表示失败，大于0表示成功传输的字节数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbSetConfiguration
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbTransCode FUsbSetConfiguration(FUsbDev *dev)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 标准USB主机请求，设置配置值
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbTransCode} 控制传输的返回值，小于0表示失败，大于0表示成功传输的字节数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbClearFeature
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbTransCode FUsbClearFeature(FUsbDev *dev, int endp, int feature, int rtype)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 标准USB主机请求，去使能设备/接口/端点的某个特性
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} endp, 设备号(0x00)/接口号/端点号
|
|||
|
|
- {int} feature，待去除的特性
|
|||
|
|
- {int} rtype, 请求类型，由FUsbGenerateReqType生成
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbTransCode} 控制传输的返回值，小于0表示失败，大于0表示成功传输的字节数目
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbDumpAllDescriptors
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
void FUsbDumpAllDescriptors(FUsbDev *dev)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 打印USB设备的描述符信息（设备描述符，配置描述符和接口描述符）
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDev} *dev, USB设备实例，已完成初始化
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 无
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbDetachDev
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
void FUsbDetachDev(FUsbHc *controller, int devno)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 从USB主机移除指定USB设备(USB设备驱动使用)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbHc} *controller, USB控制器实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} devno, USB设备地址
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 无
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### FUsbAttachDev
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```c
|
|||
|
|
FUsbDevAddr FUsbAttachDev(FUsbHc *controller, int hubaddress, int port, FUsbSpeed speed)
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 向USB主机添加USB设备(USB设备驱动使用)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Input:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbHc} *controller, USB控制器实例
|
|||
|
|
- {int} hubaddress, Hub地址
|
|||
|
|
- {int} port, 连接的Port
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbSpeed} speed, USB设备的设置速度类型
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Return:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- {FUsbDevAddr} 分配的USB设备地址
|