182 lines
4.6 KiB
Markdown
182 lines
4.6 KiB
Markdown
# QEMU/RISCV64 VIRT板级支持包说明
|
||
|
||
中文页 | [English](README.md)
|
||
|
||
## 1. 简介
|
||
|
||
RISC-V是一种开放和免费的指令集体系结构(ISA)。本工程是在QEMU的RISCV64 VIRT版本上进行的一份移植。本工程支持玄铁团队联合中科院软件所共同推出的全球首款rv64ilp32产品级开源工具链。
|
||
|
||
## 2. 编译说明
|
||
|
||
首先可以下载交叉编译工具链,建议采用sifive的工具链进行编译。
|
||
```
|
||
https://www.sifive.com/software
|
||
```
|
||
选择对应的平台即可。
|
||
|
||
这里推荐在Ubuntu上进行开发工作。
|
||
|
||
解压工具链到指定的目录。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
export RTT_EXEC_PATH=~/gcc/bin
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
进入到`rt-thread/bsp/qemu-virt64-riscv`目录进行输入
|
||
```
|
||
scons
|
||
```
|
||
可以看到正常生成`rtthread.elf`与`rtthread.bin`文件。
|
||
|
||
或者通过 `scons --exec-path="GCC工具链路径"` 命令，在指定工具链位置的同时直接编译。
|
||
|
||
## 3. 执行
|
||
|
||
本工程提供了riscv64的两种可配置运行模式,默认运行在M-Mode下。
|
||
|
||
*M-Mode*
|
||
|
||
首先安装`qemu-system-riscv64`。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
sudo apt install qemu-system-misc
|
||
```
|
||
直接输入
|
||
```
|
||
./qemu-nographic.sh
|
||
```
|
||
可以看到程序运行
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
heap: [0x80035804 - 0x86435804]
|
||
|
||
\ | /
|
||
- RT - Thread Operating System
|
||
/ | \ 4.0.4 build May 21 2021
|
||
2006 - 2021 Copyright by rt-thread team
|
||
Hello RISC-V!
|
||
msh />
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
*S-Mode*
|
||
|
||
如果运行在S-Mode下，那么需要通过menuconfig选择配置
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
scons --menuconfig
|
||
```
|
||
选择如下：
|
||
```
|
||
RISCV qemu virt64 configs --->
|
||
[*] RT-Thread run in riscv smode
|
||
```
|
||
保存后，重新`scons`编译即可。
|
||
|
||
要让rt-thread运行在S-Mode，首先需要启动opensbi,然后通过opensbi启动rt-thread。
|
||
|
||
自行编译的qemu或者下载的高版本的qemu内置opensbi，执行`./qemu-nographic-smode.sh`即可正常运行。
|
||
|
||
通过`sudo apt install qemu-system-misc`安装的qemu版本较低，可自行编译opensbi。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
git clone git@github.com:riscv/opensbi.git
|
||
cd opensbi
|
||
make PLATFORM=generic CROSS_COMPILE=~/gcc/bin/riscv64-unknown-elf-
|
||
```
|
||
最后生成的`/build/platform/generic/firmware/fw_jump.elf`则是需要的文件。
|
||
|
||
输入以下的命令即可运行:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
qemu-system-riscv64 -nographic -machine virt -m 256M -kernel rtthread.bin -bios ~/opensbi/build/platform/generic/firmware/fw_jump.elf
|
||
```
|
||
可以看到如下的结果
|
||
```
|
||
OpenSBI v0.9
|
||
____ _____ ____ _____
|
||
/ __ \ / ____| _ \_ _|
|
||
| | | |_ __ ___ _ __ | (___ | |_) || |
|
||
| | | | '_ \ / _ \ '_ \ \___ \| _ < | |
|
||
| |__| | |_) | __/ | | |____) | |_) || |_
|
||
\____/| .__/ \___|_| |_|_____/|____/_____|
|
||
| |
|
||
|_|
|
||
|
||
Platform Name : riscv-virtio,qemu
|
||
Platform Features : timer,mfdeleg
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
Boot HART ISA : rv64imafdcsu
|
||
Boot HART Features : scounteren,mcounteren
|
||
Boot HART PMP Count : 16
|
||
Boot HART PMP Granularity : 4
|
||
Boot HART PMP Address Bits: 54
|
||
Boot HART MHPM Count : 0
|
||
Boot HART MHPM Count : 0
|
||
Boot HART MIDELEG : 0x0000000000000222
|
||
Boot HART MEDELEG : 0x000000000000b109
|
||
heap: [0x80235a58 - 0x86635a58]
|
||
|
||
\ | /
|
||
- RT - Thread Operating System
|
||
/ | \ 4.0.4 build May 21 2021
|
||
2006 - 2021 Copyright by rt-thread team
|
||
Hello RISC-V!
|
||
msh />
|
||
```
|
||
## 4. 支持情况
|
||
|
||
| 驱动 | 支持情况 | 备注 |
|
||
| ------ | ---- | :------: |
|
||
| UART | 支持 | UART0 |
|
||
| PLIC | 支持 | - |
|
||
| CLIC | 支持 | - |
|
||
|
||
## 5.如何使用rv64ilp32工具链
|
||
|
||
1. 工具链地址：https://github.com/ruyisdk/riscv-gnu-toolchain-rv64ilp32/tags
|
||
|
||
2. 使用方法：
|
||
|
||
- 配置工具链路径
|
||
|
||
- 修改ABI参数为：-mabi=ilp32d
|
||
|
||
- 然后执行常规编译
|
||
|
||
- 使用 [脚本](./qemu-rv64ilp32-nographic.sh) 启动 QEMU (INFO: QEMU 二进制同样在工具链目录)
|
||
|
||
3. 使用传统64位工具链与使用新32位工具链编译相同工程的固件大小对比：
|
||
|
||
传统64位工具链固件大小：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used
|
||
SRAM: 225856 B 16 MB 1.35%
|
||
riscv64-unknown-elf-objcopy -O binary rtthread.elf rtthread.bin
|
||
riscv64-unknown-elf-size rtthread.elf
|
||
text data bss dec hex filename
|
||
150907 3664 71268 225839 3722f rtthread.elf
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
新32位工具链固件大小：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used
|
||
SRAM: 209376 B 16 MB 1.25%
|
||
riscv64-unknown-elf-objcopy -O binary rtthread.elf rtthread.bin
|
||
riscv64-unknown-elf-size rtthread.elf
|
||
text data bss dec hex filename
|
||
138739 1356 69276 209371 331db rtthread.elf
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 6. 联系人信息
|
||
|
||
维护人：[bernard][1]
|
||
|
||
[1]: https://github.com/BernardXiong
|
||
|
||
|
||
|