649 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
649 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
<sect1 id="ov-new1.7"><title>What's new and what changed in Cygwin 1.7</title>
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<sect2 id="ov-new1.7.2"><title>What's new and what changed from 1.7.1 to 1.7.2</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>Localization support has been much improved.</para>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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Cygwin now handles locales using the underlying Windows locale
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support. The locale must exist in Windows to be recognized.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New tool "getlocale" to fetch valid locale identifiers from Windows.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Default charset for locales without explicit charset is now chosen
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from a list of Linux-compatible charsets.
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</para>
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<para>
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For instance: en_US -> ISO-8859-1, ja_JP -> EUC-JP, zh_TW -> Big5.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Added support for the charsets GEORGIAN-PS, PT154, and TIS-620.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support for the various locale modifiers to switch charsets as on Linux.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Default charset in the "C" or "POSIX" locale has been changed back
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from UTF-8 to ASCII, to avoid problems with applications
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expecting a singlebyte charset in the "C"/"POSIX" locale. Still use
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UTF-8 internally for filename conversion in this case.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, and LC_TIME localization is
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enabled via Windows locale support.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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fnmatch(3), regcomp(3), regexec(3) calls are now multibyte-aware.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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printf(3), wprintf(3) families of functions now handle the grouping
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flag, the apostrophe <literal>'</literal>, per POSIX-1.2008. The
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integer portion of the result of a decimal conversion (%i, %d, %u, %f,
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%F, %g, %G) will be formatted with thousands' grouping characters.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New strfmon(3) call.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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The console's backspace keycode can be changed using 'stty erase'.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support open(2) flags O_CLOEXEC and O_TTY_INIT flags. Support fcntl
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flag F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC. Support socket flags SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK.
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Add new Linux-compatible API calls accept4(2), dup3(2), and pipe2(2).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Enhanced console window support.</para>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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Function keys send distinguished escape sequences compatible with rxvt.
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Keypad keys send distinguished escape sequences, xterm-style.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support of combining Alt and AltGr modifiers in console window
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(compatible with xterm and mintty), so that e.g. Alt-@ sends ESC @
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also on keyboards where @ is mapped to an AltGr combination.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Report mouse wheel scroll events in mouse reporting mode 1000 (note:
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this doesn't seem to work on all systems, assumedly due to driver
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interworking issues).
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Add mouse reporting mode 1002 to report mouse drag movement.
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Add mouse reporting mode 1003 to report any mouse movement.
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Add focus event reporting (mode 1004), compatible with xterm and mintty.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Add escape sequences for not bold (22), not invisible (28), not
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blinking (25) (compatible with xterm and mintty).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support VT100 line drawing graphics mode in console window (compatible
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with xterm and mintty).
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Recognize NWFS filesystem and workaround broken OS call.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-os"><title>OS related changes</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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Windows 95, 98 and Me are not supported anymore. The new Cygwin 1.7 DLL
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will not run on any of these systems.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Add support for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-file"><title>File Access related changes</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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Mount points are no longer stored in the registry. Use /etc/fstab and
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/etc/fstab.d/$USER instead. Mount points created with mount(1) are only
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local to the current session and disappear when the last Cygwin process
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in the session exits.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Cygwin creates the mount points for /, /usr/bin, and /usr/lib
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automatically from it's own position on the disk. They don't have to be
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specified in /etc/fstab.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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If a filename cannot be represented in the current character set, the
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character will be converted to a sequence Ctrl-X + UTF-8 representation
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of the character. This allows to access all files, even those not
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having a valid representation of their filename in the current character
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set. To always have a valid string, use the UTF-8 charset by
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setting the environment variable $LANG, $LC_ALL, or $LC_CTYPE to a valid
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POSIX value, for instance in Cygwin.bat like this:
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</para>
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<screen>
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set LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8
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</screen>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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PATH_MAX is now 4096. Internally, path names can be as long as the
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underlying OS can handle (32K).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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struct dirent now supports d_type, filled out with DT_REG or DT_DIR.
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All other file types return as DT_UNKNOWN for performance reasons.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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The CYGWIN environment variable options "ntsec" and "smbntsec" have been
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replaced by the per-mount option "acl"/"noacl".
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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The CYGWIN environment variable option "ntea" has been removed without
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substitute.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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The CYGWIN environment variable option "check_case" has been removed in
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favor of real case-sensitivity on file systems supporting it.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Creating filenames with special DOS characters '"', '*', ':', '<',
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'>', '|' is supported.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Creating files with special DOS device filename components ("aux",
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"nul", "prn") is supported.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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File names are case sensitive if the OS and the underlying file system
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supports it. Works on NTFS and NFS. Does not work on FAT and Samba
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shares. Requires to change a registry key (see the User's Guide). Can
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be switched off on a per-mount basis.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Due to the above changes, managed mounts have been removed.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Incoming DOS paths are always handled case-insensitive and get no POSIX
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permission, as if they are mounted with noacl,posix=0 mount flags.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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unlink(2) and rmdir(2) try very hard to remove files/directories even if
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they are currently accessed or locked. This is done by utilizing the
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hidden recycle bin directories and marking the files for deletion.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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rename(2) rewritten to be more POSIX conformant.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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access(2) now performs checks using the real user ID, as required by
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POSIX; the old behavior of querying based on effective user ID is
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available through the new faccessat(2) and euidaccess(2) APIs.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Add st_birthtim member to struct stat.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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File locking is now advisory, not mandatory anymore. The fcntl(2) and
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the new lockf(2) APIs create and maintain locks with POSIX semantics,
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the flock(2) API creates and maintains locks with BSD semantics. POSIX
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and BSD locks are independent of each other.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Implement atomic O_APPEND mode.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New open(2) flags O_DIRECTORY, O_EXEC and O_SEARCH.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Make the "plain file with SYSTEM attribute set" style symlink default
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again when creating symlinks. Only create Windows shortcut style
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symlinks if CYGWIN=winsymlinks is set in the environment.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Symlinks now use UTF-16 encoding for the target filename for better
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internationalization support. Cygwin 1.7 can read all old style
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symlinks, but the new style is not compatible with older Cygwin
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releases.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Handle NTFS native symlinks available since Vista/2008 as symlinks (but
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don't create Vista/2008 symlinks due to unfortunate OS restrictions).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Recognize NFS shares and handle them using native mechanisms. Recognize
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and create real symlinks on NFS shares. Get correct stat(2) information
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and set real mode bits on open(2), mkdir(2) and chmod(2).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Recognize MVFS and workaround problems manipulating metadata and handling
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DOS attributes.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Recognize Netapp DataOnTap drives and fix inode number handling.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Recognize Samba version beginning with Samba 3.0.28a using the new
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extended version information negotiated with the Samba developers.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Stop faking hardlinks by copying the file on filesystems which don't
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support hardlinks natively (FAT, FAT32, etc.). Just return an error
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instead, just like Linux.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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List servers of all accessible domains and workgroups in // instead of
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just the servers in the own domain/workgroup.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support Linux-like extended attributes ([fl]getxattr, [fl]listxattr,
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[fl]setxattr, [fl]removexattr).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New file conversion API for conversion from Win32 to POSIX path and vice
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versa (cygwin_conv_path, cygwin_create_path, cygwin_conv_path_list).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New openat family of functions: openat, faccessat, fchmodat, fchownat,
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fstatat, futimesat, linkat, mkdirat, mkfifoat, mknodat, readlinkat,
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renameat, symlinkat, unlinkat.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Other new APIs: posix_fadvise, posix_fallocate, funopen, fopencookie,
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open_memstream, open_wmemstream, fmemopen, fdopendir, fpurge, mkstemps,
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eaccess, euidaccess, canonicalize_file_name, fexecve, execvpe.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-net"><title>Network related changes</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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New implementation for blocking sockets and select on sockets which is
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supposed to allow POSIX-compatible sharing of sockets between threads
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and processes.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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send/sendto/sendmsg now send data in 64K chunks to circumvent an
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internal buffer problem in WinSock (KB 201213).
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New send/recv option MSG_DONTWAIT.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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IPv6 support. New APIs getaddrinfo, getnameinfo, freeaddrinfo,
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gai_strerror, in6addr_any, in6addr_loopback. On IPv6-less systems,
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replacement functions are available for IPv4. On systems with IPv6
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enabled, the underlying WinSock functions are used. While I tried hard
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to get the functionality as POSIXy as possible, keep in mind that a
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*fully* conformant implementation of getaddrinfo and other stuff is only
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available starting with Windows Vista/2008.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Resolver functions (res_init, res_query, res_search, res_querydomain,
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res_mkquery, res_send, dn_comp, dn_expand) are now part of Cygwin.
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Applications don't have to link against minires anymore. Actually, this
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*is* the former libminires.a.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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rcmd is now implemented inside of Cygwin, instead of calling the WinSock
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function. This allows rsh(1) usage on Vista/2008 and later, which
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dropped this function from WinSock.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Define multicast structures in netinet/in.h. Note that fully conformant
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multicast support is only available beginning with Vista/2008.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Improve get_ifconf. Redefine struct ifreq and subsequent datastructures
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to be able to keep more information. Support SIOCGIFINDEX,
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SIOCGIFDSTADDR and the Cygwin specific SIOCGIFFRNDLYNAM. Support real
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interface flags on systems supporting them.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Other new APIs: bindresvport, bindresvport_sa, gethostbyname2,
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iruserok_sa, rcmd_af, rresvport_af. getifaddrs, freeifaddrs,
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if_nametoindex, if_indextoname, if_nameindex, if_freenameindex.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Add /proc/net/if_inet6.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-device"><title>Device related changes</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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Reworked pipe implementation which uses overlapped IO to create more
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reliable interruptible pipes and fifos.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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The CYGWIN environment variable option "binmode" has been removed.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Improved fifo handling by using native Windows named pipes.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Detect when a stdin/stdout which looks like a pipe is really a tty.
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Among other things, this allows a debugged application to recognize that
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it is using the same tty as the debugger.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support UTF-8 in console window.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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In the console window the backspace key now emits DEL (0x7f) instead of
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BS (0x08), Alt-Backspace emits ESC-DEL (0x1b,0x7f) instead of DEL
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(0x7f), same as the Linux console and xterm. Control-Space now emits an
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ASCII NUL (0x0) character.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support up to 64 serial interfaces using /dev/ttyS0 - /dev/ttyS63.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support up to 128 raw disk drives /dev/sda - /dev/sddx.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New API: cfmakeraw, get_avphys_pages, get_nprocs, get_nprocs_conf,
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get_phys_pages, posix_openpt.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-posix"><title>Other POSIX related changes</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem><para>
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A lot of character sets are supported now via a call to setlocale().
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The setting of the environment variables $LANG, $LC_ALL or $LC_CTYPE
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will be used. For instance, setting $LANG to "de_DE.ISO-8859-15" before
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starting a Cygwin session will use the ISO-8859-15 character set in the
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entire session. The default locale in the absence of one of the
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aforementioned environment variables is "C.UTF-8".
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</para>
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<para>
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The full list of supported character sets: "ASCII", "ISO-8859-x" with x
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in 1-16, except 12, "UTF-8", Windows codepages "CPxxx", with xxx in
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(437, 720, 737, 775, 850, 852, 855, 857, 858, 862, 866, 874, 1125, 1250,
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1251, 1252, 1253, 1254, 1255, 1256, 1257, 1258), "KOI8-R", "KOI8-U",
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"SJIS", "GBK", "eucJP", "eucKR", and "Big5".
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Allow multiple concurrent read locks per thread for pthread_rwlock_t.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Implement pthread_kill(thread, 0) as per POSIX.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New API for POSIX IPC: Named semaphores: sem_open, sem_close,
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sem_unlink. Message queues: mq_open, mq_getattr, mq_setattr, mq_notify,
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mq_send, mq_timedsend, mq_receive, mq_timedreceive, mq_close, mq_unlink.
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Shared memory: shm_open, shm_unlink.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Only declare expected functions in <strings.h>, don't include
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<string.h> from here.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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Support for WCONTINUED, WIFCONTINUED() added to waitpid and wait4.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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New APIs: _Exit, confstr, insque, remque, sys_sigabbrev, posix_madvise,
|
|
posix_memalign, reallocf, exp10, exp10f, pow10, pow10f, lrint, lrintf,
|
|
rint, rintf, llrint, llrintf, llrintl, lrintl, rintl, mbsnrtowcs,
|
|
strcasestr, stpcpy, stpncpy, wcpcpy, wcpncpy, wcsnlen, wcsnrtombs,
|
|
wcsftime, wcstod, wcstof, wcstoimax, wcstok, wcstol, wcstoll, wcstoul,
|
|
wcstoull, wcstoumax, wcsxfrm, wcscasecmp, wcsncasecmp, fgetwc, fgetws,
|
|
fputwc, fputws, fwide, getwc, getwchar, putwc, putwchar, ungetwc,
|
|
asnprintf, dprintf, vasnprintf, vdprintf, wprintf, fwprintf, swprintf,
|
|
vwprintf, vfwprintf, vswprintf, wscanf, fwscanf, swscanf, vwscanf,
|
|
vfwscanf, vswscanf.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-sec"><title>Security related changes</title>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Getting a domain user's groups is hopefully more bulletproof now.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Cygwin now comes with a real LSA authentication package. This must be
|
|
manually installed by a privileged user using the /bin/cyglsa-config
|
|
script. The advantages and disadvantages are noted in
|
|
http://cygwin.com/ml/cygwin-developers/2006-11/msg00000.html
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Cygwin now allows storage and use of user passwords in a hidden area of
|
|
the registry. This is tried first when Cygwin is called by privileged
|
|
processes to switch the user context. This allows, for instance, ssh
|
|
public key sessions with full network credentials to access shares on
|
|
other machines.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
New options have been added to the mkpasswd and mkgroup tools to ease
|
|
use in multi-machine and multi-domain environments. The existing
|
|
options have a slightly changed behaviour.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="ov-new1.7-misc"><title>Miscellaneous</title>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
New ldd utility, similar to Linux.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
New link libraries libdl.a, libresolve.a, librt.a.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Fallout from the long path names: If the current working directory is
|
|
longer than 260 bytes, or if the current working directory is a virtual
|
|
path (like /proc, /cygdrive, //server), don't call native Win32 programs
|
|
since they don't understand these paths.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
On the first usage of a DOS path (C:\foo, \\foo\bar), the Cygwin DLL
|
|
emits a scary warning that DOS paths shouldn't be used. This warning
|
|
may be disabled via the new CYGWIN=nodosfilewarning setting.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
The CYGWIN environment variable option "server" has been removed.
|
|
Cygwin automatically uses cygserver if it's available.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Allow environment of arbitrary size instead of a maximum of 32K.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Don't force uppercase environment when started from a non-Cygwin
|
|
process. Except for certain Windows and POSIX variables which are
|
|
always uppercased, preserve environment case. Switch back to old
|
|
behaviour with the new CYGWIN=upcaseenv setting.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Detect and report a missing DLL on process startup.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Add /proc/registry32 and /proc/registry64 paths to access 32 bit and 64
|
|
bit registry on 64 bit systems.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Add the ability to distinguish registry keys and registry values with
|
|
the same name in the same registry subtree. The key is called "foo" and
|
|
the value will be called "foo%val" in this case.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Align /proc/cpuinfo more closly to Linux content.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Add /proc/$PID/mounts entries and a symlink /proc/mounts pointing to
|
|
/proc/self/mounts as on Linux.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Optimized strstr and memmem implementation.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Remove backwards compatibility with old signal masks. (Some *very* old
|
|
programs which use signal masks may no longer work correctly).
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Cygwin now exports wrapper functions for libstdc++ operators new and
|
|
delete, to support the toolchain in implementing full C++ standards
|
|
conformance when working with shared libraries.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Different Cygwin installations in different paths can be run in parallel
|
|
without knowing of each other. The path of the Cygwin DLL used in a
|
|
process is a key used when creating IPC objects. So different Cygwin
|
|
DLLs are running in different namespaces.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Each Cygwin DLL stores its path and installation key in the registry.
|
|
This allows troubleshooting of problems which could be a result of
|
|
having multiple concurrent Cygwin installations.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|