winsup/doc/faq-api.xml, -programming.xml: change Win32 to Windows/API
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@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Windows into the C library. Then your apps should (ideally) run on POSIX
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systems (Unix/Linux) and Windows with no changes at the source level.
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</para>
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<para>The C library is in a DLL, which makes basic applications quite small.
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And it allows relatively easy upgrades to the Win32/POSIX translation
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And it allows relatively easy upgrades to the Windows/POSIX translation
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layer, providing that DLL changes stay backward-compatible.
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</para>
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<para>For a good overview of Cygwin, you may want to read the Cygwin
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@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ spawn family of calls if possible.
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<para>Here's how it works:
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</para>
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<para>Parent initializes a space in the Cygwin process table for child.
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Parent creates child suspended using Win32 CreateProcess call, giving
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Parent creates child suspended using Windows CreateProcess call, giving
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the same path it was invoked with itself. Parent calls setjmp to save
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its own context and then sets a pointer to this in the Cygwin shared
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memory area (shared among all Cygwin tasks). Parent fills in the child's
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@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ name under the API.
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<para>E.g., the POSIX select system call can wait on a standard file handles
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and handles to sockets. The select call in Winsock can only wait on
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sockets. Because of this, the Cygwin dll does a lot of nasty stuff behind
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the scenes, trying to persuade various Winsock/Win32 functions to do what
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the scenes, trying to persuade various Winsock/Windows functions to do what
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a Unix select would do.
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</para>
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<para>If you are porting an application which already uses Winsock, then
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@ -337,11 +337,11 @@ direct calls to Winsock functions. If you use Cygwin, use the POSIX API.
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</answer></qandaentry>
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<qandaentry id="faq.api.winsock">
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<question><para>I don't want Unix sockets, how do I use normal Win32 winsock?</para></question>
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<question><para>I don't want Unix sockets, how do I use normal Windows winsock?</para></question>
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<answer>
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<para>You don't. Look for the Mingw-w64 project to port applications using
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native Win32/Winsock functions. Cross compilers packages to build Mingw-w64
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native Windows API/Winsock functions. Cross compilers packages to build Mingw-w64
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targets are available in the Cygwin distro.
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</para>
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</answer></qandaentry>
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@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ sizeof(void*) 4 8 8
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</screen>
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<para>This difference can result in interesting problems, especially when
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using Win32 functions, especially when using pointers to Windows
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using Windows API functions using pointers to Windows
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datatypes like LONG, ULONG, DWORD. Given that Windows is LLP64, all of
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the aforementioned types are 4 byte in size, on 32 as well as on 64 bit
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Windows, while `long' on 64 bit Cygwin is 8 bytes.</para>
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@ -189,10 +189,10 @@ string pointer given to printf is missing the upper 4 bytes.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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<emphasis>Don't</emphasis> use C base types together with Win32 functions.
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<emphasis>Don't</emphasis> use C base types together with Windows API functions.
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Keep in mind that DWORD, LONG, ULONG are <emphasis>not</emphasis> the same
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as long and unsigned long. Try to use only Win32 datatypes in conjunction
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with Win32 API function calls to avoid type problems. See the above
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as long and unsigned long. Try to use only Windows datatypes in conjunction
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with Windows API function calls to avoid type problems. See the above
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ReadFile example. Windows functions in printf calls should be treated
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carefully as well. This code is common for 32 bit code, but probably prints
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the wrong value on 64 bit:
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@ -438,11 +438,11 @@ gcj --main=Hello Hello.java
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</answer></qandaentry>
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<qandaentry id="faq.programming.win32-api">
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<question><para>How do I use Win32 API calls?</para></question>
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<question><para>How do I use Windows API calls?</para></question>
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<answer>
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<para>Cygwin tools require that you explicitly link the import libraries
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for whatever Win32 API functions that you are going to use, with the exception
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for whatever Windows API functions that you are going to use, with the exception
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of kernel32, which is linked automatically (because the startup and/or
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built-in code uses it).
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</para>
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@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ including user32, gdi32 and comdlg32.
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or at least after all the object files and static libraries that reference them.
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</para>
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<note><para>There are a few restrictions for calls to the Win32 API.
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<note><para>There are a few restrictions for calls to the Windows API.
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For details, see the User's Guide section
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<ulink url="https://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/setup-env.html#setup-env-win32">Restricted Win32 environment</ulink>,
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as well as the User's Guide section
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@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ as well as the User's Guide section
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</answer></qandaentry>
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<qandaentry id="faq.programming.win32-no-cygwin">
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<question><para>How do I compile a Win32 executable that doesn't use Cygwin?</para></question>
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<question><para>How do I compile a Windows executable that doesn't use Cygwin?</para></question>
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<answer>
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<para>The compilers provided by the <literal>mingw64-i686-gcc</literal> and
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@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ lines must start with tabs. This is not specific to Cygwin.
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</answer></qandaentry>
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<qandaentry id="faq.programming.win32-headers">
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<question><para>Why can't we redistribute Microsoft's Win32 headers?</para></question>
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<question><para>Why can't we redistribute Microsoft's Windows API headers?</para></question>
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<answer>
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<para>Subsection 2.d.f of the `Microsoft Open Tools License agreement' looks
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@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ like it says that one may not "permit further redistribution of the
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Redistributables to their end users". We take this to mean that we can
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give them to you, but you can't give them to anyone else, which is
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something that we can't agree to. Fortunately, we
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have our own Win32 headers which are pretty complete.
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have our own Windows API headers which are pretty complete.
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</para>
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</answer></qandaentry>
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