* standards.texi: Import February 14, 2002 version.
* make-stds.texi: Import 2001 version. * Makefile.in (install): Depend on install-info.
This commit is contained in:
Andrew Cagney
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2002-02-24 Andrew Cagney <ac131313@redhat.com>
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* texinfo/texinfo.tex: Update to version 2002-02-14.08.
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2002-02-23 Daniel Jacobowitz <drow@mvista.com>
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* config.guess: Import from master sources, rev 1.232.
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@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
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2002-02-24 Andrew Cagney <ac131313@redhat.com>
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* standards.texi: Import February 14, 2002 version.
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* make-stds.texi: Import 2001 version.
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2002-01-26 Hans-Peter Nilsson <hp@bitrange.com>
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* Makefile.in (install): Depend on install-info.
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@ -8,6 +8,17 @@
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@cindex conventions for makefiles
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@cindex standards for makefiles
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@c Copyright 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001 Free
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@c Software Foundation, Inc.
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@c Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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@c under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
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@c or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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@c with no Invariant Sections, with no
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@c Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
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@c A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
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@c Free Documentation License''.
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This
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@ifinfo
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node
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@ -21,13 +32,15 @@ chapter
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@end ifclear
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@end iftex
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describes conventions for writing the Makefiles for GNU programs.
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Using Automake will help you write a Makefile that follows these
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conventions.
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@menu
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* Makefile Basics:: General Conventions for Makefiles
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* Utilities in Makefiles:: Utilities in Makefiles
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* Command Variables:: Variables for Specifying Commands
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* Directory Variables:: Variables for Installation Directories
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* Standard Targets:: Standard Targets for Users
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* Makefile Basics:: General Conventions for Makefiles
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* Utilities in Makefiles:: Utilities in Makefiles
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* Command Variables:: Variables for Specifying Commands
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* Directory Variables:: Variables for Installation Directories
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* Standard Targets:: Standard Targets for Users
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* Install Command Categories:: Three categories of commands in the `install'
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rule: normal, pre-install and post-install.
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@end menu
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@ -79,7 +92,7 @@ foo.1 : foo.man sedscript
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@noindent
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will fail when the build directory is not the source directory, because
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@file{foo.man} and @file{sedscript} are in the the source directory.
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@file{foo.man} and @file{sedscript} are in the source directory.
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When using GNU @code{make}, relying on @samp{VPATH} to find the source
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file will work in the case where there is a single dependency file,
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@ -138,7 +151,7 @@ installation should not use any utilities directly except these:
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@c dd find
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@c gunzip gzip md5sum
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@c mkfifo mknod tee uname
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@c mkfifo mknod tee uname
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@example
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cat cmp cp diff echo egrep expr false grep install-info
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@ -247,9 +260,10 @@ Every Makefile should define the variable @code{INSTALL}, which is the
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basic command for installing a file into the system.
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Every Makefile should also define the variables @code{INSTALL_PROGRAM}
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and @code{INSTALL_DATA}. (The default for each of these should be
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@code{$(INSTALL)}.) Then it should use those variables as the commands
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for actual installation, for executables and nonexecutables
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and @code{INSTALL_DATA}. (The default for @code{INSTALL_PROGRAM} should
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be @code{$(INSTALL)}; the default for @code{INSTALL_DATA} should be
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@code{$@{INSTALL@} -m 644}.) Then it should use those variables as the
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commands for actual installation, for executables and nonexecutables
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respectively. Use these variables as follows:
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@example
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@ -280,26 +294,28 @@ installed.
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Installation directories should always be named by variables, so it is
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easy to install in a nonstandard place. The standard names for these
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variables are described below. They are based on a standard filesystem
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layout; variants of it are used in SVR4, 4.4BSD, Linux, Ultrix v4, and
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other modern operating systems.
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layout; variants of it are used in SVR4, 4.4BSD, GNU/Linux, Ultrix v4,
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and other modern operating systems.
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These two variables set the root for the installation. All the other
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installation directories should be subdirectories of one of these two,
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and nothing should be directly installed into these two directories.
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@table @samp
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@table @code
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@item prefix
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@vindex prefix
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A prefix used in constructing the default values of the variables listed
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below. The default value of @code{prefix} should be @file{/usr/local}.
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When building the complete GNU system, the prefix will be empty and
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@file{/usr} will be a symbolic link to @file{/}.
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(If you are using Autoconf, write it as @samp{@@prefix@@}.)
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Running @samp{make install} with a different value of @code{prefix}
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from the one used to build the program should @var{not} recompile
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the program.
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Running @samp{make install} with a different value of @code{prefix} from
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the one used to build the program should @emph{not} recompile the
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program.
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@item exec_prefix
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@vindex exec_prefix
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A prefix used in constructing the default values of some of the
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variables listed below. The default value of @code{exec_prefix} should
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be @code{$(prefix)}.
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@ -310,20 +326,22 @@ machine-specific files (such as executables and subroutine libraries),
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while @code{$(prefix)} is used directly for other directories.
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Running @samp{make install} with a different value of @code{exec_prefix}
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from the one used to build the program should @var{not} recompile the
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from the one used to build the program should @emph{not} recompile the
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program.
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@end table
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Executable programs are installed in one of the following directories.
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@table @samp
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@table @code
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@item bindir
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@vindex bindir
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The directory for installing executable programs that users can run.
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This should normally be @file{/usr/local/bin}, but write it as
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@file{$(exec_prefix)/bin}.
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(If you are using Autoconf, write it as @samp{@@bindir@@}.)
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@item sbindir
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@vindex sbindir
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The directory for installing executable programs that can be run from
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the shell, but are only generally useful to system administrators. This
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should normally be @file{/usr/local/sbin}, but write it as
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@ -331,6 +349,7 @@ should normally be @file{/usr/local/sbin}, but write it as
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(If you are using Autoconf, write it as @samp{@@sbindir@@}.)
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@item libexecdir
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@vindex libexecdir
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@comment This paragraph adjusted to avoid overfull hbox --roland 5jul94
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The directory for installing executable programs to be run by other
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programs rather than by users. This directory should normally be
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@ -623,7 +642,8 @@ the installation commands. @xref{Install Command Categories}.
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@item install-strip
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Like @code{install}, but strip the executable files while installing
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them. In many cases, the definition of this target can be very simple:
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them. In simple cases, this target can use the @code{install} target in
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a simple way:
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@smallexample
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install-strip:
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install
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@end smallexample
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But if the package installs scripts as well as real executables, the
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@code{install-strip} target can't just refer to the @code{install}
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target; it has to strip the executables but not the scripts.
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@code{install-strip} should not strip the executables in the build
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directory which are being copied for installation. It should only strip
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the copies that are installed.
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Normally we do not recommend stripping an executable unless you are sure
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the program has no bugs. However, it can be reasonable to install a
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stripped executable for actual execution while saving the unstripped
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@ -745,7 +773,7 @@ The easiest way to do this is to create a subdirectory appropriately
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named, use @code{ln} or @code{cp} to install the proper files in it, and
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then @code{tar} that subdirectory.
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Compress the tar file file with @code{gzip}. For example, the actual
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Compress the tar file with @code{gzip}. For example, the actual
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distribution file for GCC version 1.40 is called @file{gcc-1.40.tar.gz}.
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The @code{dist} target should explicitly depend on all non-source files
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@ -793,6 +821,19 @@ installdirs: mkinstalldirs
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$(mandir)
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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or, if you wish to support @env{DESTDIR},
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@smallexample
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# Make sure all installation directories (e.g. $(bindir))
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# actually exist by making them if necessary.
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installdirs: mkinstalldirs
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$(srcdir)/mkinstalldirs \
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$(DESTDIR)$(bindir) $(DESTDIR)$(datadir) \
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$(DESTDIR)$(libdir) $(DESTDIR)$(infodir) \
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$(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
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@end smallexample
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This rule should not modify the directories where compilation is done.
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It should do nothing but create installation directories.
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@end table
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1159
etc/standards.texi
1159
etc/standards.texi
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