* setup-net.sgml: Document setup.exe
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Joshua Daniel Franklin
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2003-03-22 Joshua Daniel Franklin <joshuadfranklin@yahoo.com>
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* setup-net.sgml: Document setup.exe
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2003-02-07 Christopher Faylor <cgf@redhat.com>
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* how.texinfo: Add more w32api words.
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@ -7,6 +7,207 @@ URL="http://cygwin.com/">"Install Cygwin Now!"</ulink>. This will
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download a GUI installer called <command>setup.exe</command> which can
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be run to download a complete cygwin installation via the internet.
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Follow the instructions on each screen to install Cygwin.</para>
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<para>
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The <command>setup.exe</command> installer is designed to be easy
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for new users to understand while remaining flexible for the
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experienced. The volunteer development team is constantly working
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on <command>setup.exe</command>; before requesting a new feature,
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check the wishlist in the CVS <literal>README</literal>. It may
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already be present in the CVS version!
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</para>
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<para>
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Since the default value for each option is the logical choice for
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most installations, you can get a working minimal Cygwin environment
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installed by simply clicking the <literal>Next</literal> button
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at each page. The only exception to this is choosing a Cygwin mirror,
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which you can choose by experimenting with those listed at
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<ulink URL="http://cygwin.com/mirrors.html">
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http://cygwin.com/mirrors.html
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</ulink>. For more details about each of page of the
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<command>setup.exe</command> installation, read on below.
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</para>
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<sect2><title>Download Source</title>
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<para>
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Cygwin uses packages to manage installing various software. When
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the default <literal>Install from Internet</literal> option is chosen,
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<command>setup.exe</command> creates a local directory to store
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the packages before actually installing the contents.
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<literal>Download from Internet</literal> performs only the first
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part (storing the packages locally), while
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<literal>Install from Local Directory</literal> performs only the
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second (installing the contents of the packages).
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</para>
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<para>
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The <literal>Download from Internet</literal> option is mainly
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for creating a base Cygwin package tree on one computer for
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installation on several machines with
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<literal>Install from Local Directory</literal>.
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Though this provides some basic mirroring functionality, if you
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are managing a wide Cygwin installation we recommend using a mirroring
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tool such as <command>wget</command>. A helpful user on the Cygwin
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mailing list created a simple demonstration script to accomplish
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this; search the list for <command>mkcygwget</command> for ideas.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Selecting an Install Directory</title>
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<para>
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The <literal>Root Directory</literal> for Cygwin (default
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<literal>C:\cygwin</literal>) will become <literal>'/'</literal>
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within your Cygwin installation. All Windows drives can be accessed
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with the <literal>/cygdrive/X/</literal> virtual directory and
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Cygwin's <command>mount</command> utility.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <literal>Install For</literal> options of
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<literal>All Users</literal> or
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<literal>Just Me</literal> are especially for multiuser systems
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or Domain users. If you have a single-user workstation, this
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option probably does not concern you. If you are seeking to rollout
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Cygwin on a large Domain, you will want to think carefully
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about the implications of each type and possibly consult the Cygwin
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mailing list archives about others' experiences.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <literal>Default Text File Type</literal> should be left on
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<literal>Unix</literal> (that is, <literal>\n</literal>) unless you
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have a very good reason to switch it to
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<literal>DOS</literal> (that is, <literal>\r\n</literal>).
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Local Package Directory</title>
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<para>
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The <literal>Local Package Directory</literal> is the cache where
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<command>setup.exe</command> stores the packages before they are
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installed. The cache should not be the same folder as the Cygwin
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root. Within the cache, a separate directory is created for each
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Cygwin mirror, which allows <command>setup.exe</command> to use
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multiple mirrors and custom packages. After installing Cygwin,
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the cache is no longer necessary, but you may want to retain the
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packages as backups, for installing Cygwin to another system,
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or in case you need to reinstall a package.
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</para>
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<sect2><title>Connection Method</title>
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<para>
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For most users, the <literal>Direct Connection</literal> method
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of downloading is the best choice. If you have a proxy server,
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you can use the <literal>Use IE5 Settings</literal> if it is
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already set up in Internet Exlporer, or manually type it into
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the <literal>Use Proxy</literal> section. Unfortunately,
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<command>setup.exe</command> does not currently support password
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authorization for proxy servers.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Choosing Mirrors</title>
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<para>
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Since there is no way of knowing from where you will be downloading
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Cygwin, you need to choose at least one mirror site. Cygwin mirrors
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are geographically distributed around the world; check the list at <ulink
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URL="http://cygwin.com/mirrors.html">http://cygwin.com/mirrors.html</ulink>
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to find one near you. You can select multiple mirrors by holding down
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<literal>CTRL</literal> and clicking on each one. If you have the URL of
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an unlisted mirror (for example, if your organization has an internal Cygwin
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mirror) you can add it.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Choosing Packages</title>
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<para>
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For each selected mirror site, <command>setup.exe</command> downloads a
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small text file called <literal>setup.ini</literal> that contains a list
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of packages available from that site along with some basic information about
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each package (version number, dependencies, checksum, etc.) which
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<command>setup.exe</command> parses and uses to create the chooser window.
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</para>
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<para>
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The chooser is the most complex part of <command>setup.exe</command>.
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Packages are divided into categories. By default <command>setup.exe</command>
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will install only the packages in the <literal>Base</literal> category
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and their dependencies, resulting in a very basic Cygwin installation.
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However, this will not include many commonly used tools such as
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<command>gcc</command> (which you will find in the <literal>Devel</literal>
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category).
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</para>
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<para>
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You can change <command>setup.exe</command>'s view style, which is helpful
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if you know the name of a package you want to install but not which
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category it is in.
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Click on the <literal>View</literal> button and it will rotate between
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<literal>Category</literal> (the default), <literal>Full</literal> (all
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packages), and <literal>Partial</literal> (only packages to be upgraded).
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If you are familiar with Unix, you will probably want to at least glance
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through the <literal>Full</literal> listing for your favorite tools.
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</para>
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<para>
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Once you have an existing Cygwin installation, the <command>setup.exe</command>
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chooser is also used to manage your Cygwin installation.
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Information on installed packages is kept in the
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<literal>/etc/setup/</literal> directory of your Cygwin installation; if
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<command>setup.exe</command> cannot find this directory it will act just like
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you had no Cygwin installation. If <command>setup.exe</command>
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finds a newer version of an installed package available, it will automatically
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mark it to be upgraded.
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To <literal>Uninstall</literal>, <literal>Reinstall</literal>, or get the
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<literal>Source</literal> for an existing package, click on
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<literal>Keep</literal> to toggle it.
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Also, to avoid the need to reboot after upgrading, make sure
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to close all Cygwin windows and stop all Cygwin processes before
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<command>setup.exe</command> begins to install the upgraded package.
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</para>
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<para>
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The final feature of the <command>setup.exe</command> chooser is for
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<literal>Previous</literal> and <literal>Experimental</literal> packages.
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By default the chooser shows only the current version of each package,
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though mirrors have at least one previous version and occasionally there
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is a testing or beta version of a package available. To see these package,
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click on the <literal>Prev</literal> or <literal>Exp</literal> radio button.
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Be warned, however, that the next time you run <command>setup.exe</command>
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it will try to replace old or experimental versions with the latest.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Download and Installation Progress</title>
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<para>
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First, <command>setup.exe</command> will download all selected packages
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to the local directory chosen earlier. Before installing,
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<command>setup.exe</command> performs a checksum on each package. If the
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local directory is a slow medium (such as a network drive) this can take
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a long time. During the download and installation, <command>setup.exe</command>
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show progress bars for the current task and total remaining disk space.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Icons</title>
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<para>
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You may choose to install shortcuts on the Desktop and/or Start Menu
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to start a <literal>bash</literal> shell. If you prefer to use a different
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shell or the native Windows version of <literal>rxvt</literal>, you can
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use these shortcuts as a guide to creating your own.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>Post-Install Scripts</title>
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<para>
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Last of all, <command>setup.exe</command> will run any post-install
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scripts to finish correctly setting up installed packages. Since each
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script is run separately, several windows may pop up. If you are
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interested in what is being done, the scripts are kept in the
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<literal>/etc/postinstall/</literal> directory, renamed with a
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<literal>done</literal> extension after being run. When the last
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post-install script is completed, <command>setup.exe</command> will
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display a box announcing the completion. A few packages, such as
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the OpenSSH server, require some manual site-specific configuration.
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Relevant documentation can be found in the <literal>/usr/doc/Cygwin</literal>
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directory.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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DOCTOOL-INSERT-setup-env
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